Ua hōʻike ʻia e nā noiʻi hou nei ua hoʻopilikia pinepine ʻia nā poʻe holo mokulele i nā pae kiʻekiʻe loa o ka haumia o nā ʻāpana ultrafine (UFP) i ka wā e holo ana ma ke kaʻa a ma ke kahua mokulele. Hiki i kēia mau ʻāpana ultrafine, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o 100 nanometers (0.1 micrometers), ke kāpae maʻalahi i nā kānana maʻamau a komo hohonu i loko o nā māmā, e alakaʻi ana paha i nā pilikia olakino lōʻihi.
ʻOiai ua hoʻolālā nui ʻia nā pale maka N95 e kānana i nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi e like me 0.3 micrometers (300 nanometers), hāʻawi mau lākou i kahi pae koʻikoʻi o ka pale ʻana i nā ʻāpana ultrafine. Ma muli o ka hopena o ka neʻe ʻana o Brownian, hiki i nā pale maka N95 ke hopu i nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi me ka ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o ka mea i manaʻo ʻia.
Kiʻekiʻe loa ka nui o nā ʻāpana ultrafine i ka wā e holo ana, ʻoiai ke kū mālie nei kahi mokulele a i ʻole ma hope o kekahi mokulele ʻē aʻe. Hoʻokuʻu nā ʻenekini mokulele i kahi hui o nā mea haumia, me nā mea particulate (PM), nā hui organik volatile (VOC), a me nā mahu wahie. Hiki i kēia mau mea haumia, ʻoiai nā VOC, ke komo i loko o ke keʻena, e hoʻohaʻahaʻa nui ana i ka maikaʻi o ka ea i ka wā e lele ai a me ka pae ʻana.
ʻOiai ke ana pinepine ʻia nei nā pae PM2.5 ma nā kahua mokulele, ʻaʻole pili pono kēia mau ʻāpana me nā ʻāpana ultrafine, kahi mea paʻakikī ke ʻike. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ka PM2.5 ma ke ʻano he ana pololei ʻole no nā ʻāpana ultrafine, ʻoiai ua pili ko lākou alo i ka nui o nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi. Eia nō naʻe, ʻoi aku ka pili o nā pilikia olakino e pili ana me nā ʻāpana ultrafine i ko lākou helu a me ka ʻili ma mua o ko lākou nui.
ʻOiai ʻaʻole kūpono nā pale maka N95 i ka kānana ʻana i nā ʻāpana ultrafine, hāʻawi mau lākou i ka palekana kūpono i nā ʻano haumia like ʻole i ka lewa. ʻO ke kau ʻana i ka pale maka N95 i ka wā e holo ana, lele ana, a me ka pae ʻana e hiki ke kōkua i ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka ʻike ʻana i nā mea particulate a me nā VOC ʻino. No nā mea holo e maʻalahi loa i ka haumia o ka ea, e like me ka poʻe i ʻike i ka nausea a i ʻole nā hōʻailona hanu, hiki i kēia hana maʻalahi ke hāʻawi i ka palekana waiwai nui e kūʻē i nā pae kiʻekiʻe o ka haumia o nā ʻāpana ultrafine i loaʻa i kēia mau pae o ka lele.
